Pending Legal and Data Governance
Article 13 – Censorship. Coming Soon to Your Computer, Laptop, Tablet and Smart Phone
Censorship. Coming Soon to Your Computer, Laptop, Tablet and Smart Phone.
Contact Your Local Politicians to #SaveYourInternet from #Filternet #IIAArticle13
At its inception the goal of the world wide web (www) was to create a platform on which everyone could create and access free information from the right, the left and down the middle. When creating and uploading content, creators were encouraged to link to other publications, articles, videos and authors that influenced their opinions.
This act of linking to third party pages is the beating heart of the Internet. It creates a global web of links – a world wide web of links – that acts as a bibliography to add gravitas to the work of the content creator while simultaneously putting the ability and option to learn more at the fingertips of the content consumer.
This summer Irish MEPs were tasked with voting on behalf of the people of Ireland in favour of or against a change to European copyright and libel law known as Article 13. Despite the volume of information extensively available to them, both online and through direct human contact, many Irish MEPs arrived in Brussels ill-informed. They were completely unaware, or turning a blind eye, to the fact that Article 13 is pro censorship and would signal the Death Knell for the world wide web.
On July 5th 2018 Irish MEPs voted overwhelmingly in favour of censorship in Ireland and by consequence Europe and the rest of the world.
“Most of the evil in this world is done by people with good intentions.”
― T.S. Eliot
Article 13 started out with good intentions and it retains some positive features including the ability of the content creators to now control their own content. A good example is the musician who streams music all over the Internet in the hope of attracting fans, producers and record labels. Spotify is worth an estimated $36B and YouTube an estimated $160B. If the musician is still an unknown artist, he is not earning any real income via the streaming platforms. “According to a 2017 report in Mixmag, for every 1,000 plays, an unsigned artist can earn $US6.40 on Apple Music, $US3.80 on Spotify…$US0.60 from YouTube. Signed artists do better, earning $US7.30 (Apple), $US4.40 (Spotify) and $US0.70 (YouTube)”, TheBigSmoke.Com.Au. In an interview with Digital Music News, DJ Gareth Emery stated that despite millions of online streams each month, he receives a cheque for just a few thousand pounds per month, sometimes paid more than a year later. This amounts to less than 1% of his annual income despite the exposure. In 2015 IMRO reported that there are more than 13,000 people employed in the Irish music industry. That same year Steve Wall received royalty payments of just £0.97 for 300 streams of The Stunning’s 1989 hit “Brewing Up a Storm”. IMRO has called for YouTube and all streaming services to remunerate artists adequately (IrishTimes.com).
Article 13 intended to reinforce ownership of content that would financially reward the creator and encourage innovation. It has not been fully thought through or it has been corrupted during its evolution. Under Article 13, corporate business continue to make money from content creators who will continue to earn nothing from their creations but content creators will now work under the constant threat of litigation as corporations can now exploit the new copyright laws Europe-wide.
To some extent Article 13 was reported on in the media – from a technical and/or legal perspective that would engage a limited audience. Article 13 has not gained mass traction because no media outlets failed to explain the potential total breakdown of how the Internet will function.
Irish Politicians Voted to Kill Innovation and Impose Censorship
The countries in which MEPs took the time to read the fine print and keep abreast of changes to Article 13, voted in favour of free speech including Germany (50% against with a generous no-show percentage), Netherlands (73%), Austria (72.22%), Sweden (90%), Poland (52.94%) and Estonia (66.67%) (SaveYourInternet.eu).
I believe an informed and engaged country will register a vote at 65 – 70% against Article 13.
As Europe’s most peripheral country, Ireland is hugely dependent on exporting goods and services to secure an income. In order to achieve this we need to communicate with existing and prospective customers in all four corners of the globe. The Internet – websites, blogs, vlogs, streaming, photo sharing – is a large part of how this communication occurs.
We’re a country famed for our gift of the gab but Irish MEPs decided that Ireland should zip the lip when they voted 63.64% in favour of and 18.18% against Article 13 while a further 18.18% were absent from Parliament on July 5th 2018 (SaveYourInternet.eu).
Other Team Censorship countries include United Kingdom (52.05%), France (67.57%), Spain (62.96%), Portugal (61%) and Italy (46.58%) to name a few. All Team Censorship countries have something else in common: an unacceptably high no-show/abstention rate on voting day. In the case of Ireland, there were as many ‘not present’ MEPs as ‘Team Freedom’ MEPs on voting day.
You can find a detailed breakdown of how each country’s MEPs voted on Article 13. Click to see which Irish Ministers of European Parliament are members of Team Censorship.
‘Red’ supported Article 13 (Team Censorship)
‘Green’ voted down the Bill (Team Freedom)
‘Purple’ represents those who Abstained
‘Grey’ identifies those who were Not Present
Throughout the summer of 2018 I personally contacted numerous politicians and not one of them returned my emails or calls. They simply had no interest in learning how Article 13 in it current guise would impact on the professional and private people of Ireland. Furthermore, in October 2017 more than 50 NGOs wrote an open letter to the European Parliament in which they asked MEPs to delete Article 13 as it “would violate the freedom of expression set out in (…) the Charter of Fundamental Rights” and “provoke such legal uncertainty that online services will have no option other option than to monitor, filter and block EU citizens’ communications” (SaveYourInternet.eu).
The Face of 21st Century Censorship
In writing this article I have complied with Internet etiquette and my blog is peppered with names and links to third-party websites. When Article 13 soon comes into force I will be required to secure written consent from all third parties before creating links. A time consuming task, this will slow down the speed at which people operate online and by the time content creators have secured permission, the topic could be yesterday’s news.
Under Article 13, if I choose to publish my article, without written permission to feature names and links, I run the legal gauntlet. To illustrate this point, I might link to a news outlet with, for example, an extreme view. There’s a possibility Google and social media platforms will use the browser history of this newspaper’s readers to show those readers a snippet of my article. Those readers may choose to read more. My opinion piece may influence how one, some or all of those readers think and because my article will contain links to other third party websites, the readers may start to engage with those publications and opinions. Under Article 13 the newspaper can sue me for loss of earnings arguing that its ability to generate an income from those readers has been compromised because those readers are now better educated and no longer staunchly loyal to that particular newspaper.
Like millions of ordinary people out there, I want to compete in the world to make my mark and earn an income to support my family. I run an SME and I am therefore unable to take on the financial and personnel stamina of large and mega corporates that can tie me up in litigation for years. My bank account lacks the hundreds of millions of Euro required to defend and secure my right to free speech.
Who Creates Content?
Every child, teenager and adult who posts anything on the Internet is a content creator. This includes when you:
- Share a photo on Instagram
- Publish a blog on a website
- Post an article on LinkedIn
- Share your opinion on Facebook
- Upload a video to YouTube
- Live stream and/or remix music on iTunes
- Discuss a product in a chat room
- Comment on a newspaper article
- Share memes and parodies on WhatsApp
Who Consumes Content?
Again, every child, teenager and adult using a computer, laptop, tablet or smart phone to surf the net, buy apps and information, play video games or download content from any of the above is classified as a content consumer.
The Sting in the Tail
In June of this year, 25 of Europe’s leading Intellectual Property research centres published a Statement entitled ‘The Copyright Directive: Misinformation and Independent Enquiry ‘. They were able to scientifically prove that Article 13 “threaten[s] the user participation benefits of the e-Commerce Directive (2000/31/EC)”.
How so? Well, when you upload a picture to Facebook, you automatically agree to give Facebook ownership rights of the image. Under Article 13, Facebook owns the copyright of that image and it is also legally responsible for the image. Facebook has already invested millions of Euro designing, building and installing very aggressive filters to ensure it is Article 13 compliant.
Google, Yahoo, Firefox to name a few have also already invested heavily in bespoke filtering services.
But more than 70 Internet pioneers believe Article 13 “would mandate Internet platforms to embed an automated infrastructure for monitoring and censorship deep into their networks” (SaveYourInternet.eu). Global celebrities and YouTube stars have reacted to the news that they too will be censored from 2019 onwards while YouTube CEO Susan Wojcicki published a blog earlier this month warning that “Article 13 as written threatens to shut down the ability of millions of people – from creators like you to everyday users – to upload content to platforms like YouTube,” before concluding that we must all make an effort to #SaveYourInternet because “…if implemented as proposed, Article 13 threatens hundreds of thousands of jobs, European creators, businesses, artists and everyone they employ”.
A normal business owner with an online presence – an SME with a turnover of around €100M, a sole trader, a blogger – will not be able to afford to design, build and implement the filtering software required to ensure the website, online streaming and social media platforms are Article 13 compliant. A niche market will open up for third party filtering services which will also be very expensive because the scope of what is required is both extensive and unprecedented.
Take for example a farming app that allows farmers to upload relevant pictures. One day a farmer takes and uploads a picture of a sheep with his brand new shearing equipment in the background. In doing so, the farmer has handed over copyright and therefore liability to the app owner. To date, this app has serviced a niche market and earns a tidy sum. Unable to afford the required filtering service, the app owner is forced to close the business and lose an income stream or face litigation from multiple sources, which I will explain in due course.
The farmer in question has his own website on which he sells lambswool. He uploads the same picture to his business website and links the picture to a third party website, without written permission, that has an article describing the breed of sheep in the photo. Under Article 13 he is guilty of stealing content from the third party publication and endangering its ability to earn an income from readers.
In both scenarios, the ultimate content owner must be financially remunerated but who actually owns the content and who therefore wins under Article 13? Is it:
- The person who took the picture?
- The owner of the vista in the picture?
- The owner of the shearing equipment?
- The shearing equipment designer?
- The shearing equipment manufacturer?
- …the list is endless and the person with the biggest wallet will win the fight.
If an established app has to close down due to operational risks and expenses under Article 13, it will be even worse for start-ups. In its mission statement Allied for Startups says that “by building a global network of startups, entrepreneurs, VCs, and advocacy organisations, we will work together to create a worldwide consensus on policies that can positively impact startups and grow digital entrepreneurship and digital economy at large. In doing so, we will decrease the legal barriers hindering innovation and make sure there is a flat field for entrepreneurs to focus on building their dreams and making the world a better place”. In response to Article 13, Allied for Startups explains that “the suggested filtering technology will raise the cost of launching a startup in Europe and drive talent away”.
Unintended Consequences
Article 13 intended to level out the playing field so that the owner of the content could earn an income from that content. In its defence, it is trying to protect the ultimate owner of the content. But, in the modern world, where we are “on” all the time, there are too many inputs into thought to accurately identify the ultimate owner. For example, this is my opinion piece and I believe the content is based on my thoughts which have been influenced by others from the past and present.
Under Article 13, am I really the ultimate owner of those thoughts? If any of my opinions reflect those of someone else, I can be sued by the person(s) who believe they ultimately own those thoughts.
And…
Earlier in this article I quoted T.S. Eliot. The Estate of T.S. Eliot has a website. There is a very tiny chance that sometime in the near or distant future this article will temporarily rank higher on a search engine than the T.S. Eliot website. Under Article 13, the Estate can argue that the website of T.S. Eliot is in a lower ranking position because I have used his words. Under Article 13 the Estate could argue that I have potentially reduced the website’s ability to generate sales because I have used Eliot’s words to out-rank him.
In my opinion, the unintended consequence of Article 13 will be that it hamstrings free speech, stymies innovation and destroys free original thought which will move the European Union closer to an authoritarian state.
How to Achieve Article 13 Without Killing the Internet
A fair and balanced bill called The Music Modernization Act is currently passing through the United States Congress. “The bill creates a blanket mechanical license and a collective for its administration, as well as changing how courts can determine rates of pay. The bill also ensures performance rate hearings between rights organizations BMI and ASCAP, as well as licensees, rotate across all U.S. Southern District Court of New York Judges, rather than the current system where cases are assigned to just two judges.
“The act also eliminates part of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998 that establishes additional considerations for “pre-existing digital services” that are not provided to other digital services when rates are set, such as music streaming services like Apple Music. There is also the establishment of royalties for labels, artists, and musicians to be paid by digital services for any master recordings produced prior to February 15, 1972″, AppleInsider.com. This is one of a number of acts and bills that are working their way through Congress.
By contrast, Europe is taking a one size fits all approach with an imbalanced and non evidence based approach to resolving a problem that does need to be addressed. Uninformed and uncreative, Article 13 could really signal the Death Knell of the Internet as we know it, not just in Ireland and Europe but the whole world!
How Do Your Protect Yourself Against Article 13? Act Fast…
Because Article 13 threatens everything you do on the Internet, it is the responsibility of every child, teenager and adult in Ireland to pressurise every TD and MEP nationwide who can then apply pressure in Brussels to STOP Article 13 in its current format and AMEND it ASAP, before censorship in your local community, in Ireland, in Europe and therefore across the globe becomes a fact of life.
The Council, the European Parliament and the European Commission are currently negotiating the entire final Copyright Directive. In January 2019, the Directive will go back to the European Parliament for a vote on the final wording of Article 13. This is just ahead of elections to the European Parliament from May 23rd – 26th 2019, which means MEPs may start paying attention to vocal constituents as they start to consider the prospect of their re-election.
As the first country in the world to introduce the plastic bag levy, ban smoking in the workplace and vote for equal marriage rights, Ireland has a reputation for creating history-making policy. You still have time to save Ireland from going down in history for all the wrong reasons.
Easy Way to Pressurise Politicians
You have just enough time to stand up for your rights, for the rights of your children and for the rights of your grandchildren. We know the fair and balanced results that the people of Ireland can achieve when they work together toward a common good.
Harness the strength of those numbers by individually reaching out to the TDs and MEPs of Ireland:
Email this article with the demand #SaveYourInternet from #Filternet #IIAArticle13 to every MEP and TD across the island.
Share this article with the demand #SaveYourInternet from #Filternet #IIAArticle13 to the Twitter, Facebook and/or LinkedIn profiles of each MEP and TD in Ireland.
Phone your local TDs and/or MEPs asking them to agree to #SaveYourInternet from #Filternet #IIAArticle13
Ask them in open forums such as social media and radio talk shows, why they chose to vote, on your behalf, in favour of censorship?
At the bottom of this article you will find all the relevant contact details for your TDs and MEPs in Ireland.
A Europe-Wide Problem With Global Consequences
This article is applicable to all residents of the European Union. You too can pressurize your MEPs and government members to stop and amend Article 13 using the format laid out in this piece. Your actions are of particular urgency and importance in Finland, Latvia, Slovakia, Romania, Slovenia, Croatia, Hungary, Belgium, France, Spain, Portugal, Italy and England.
Contact Ministers of European Parliament
MEP |
Phone |
EU Profile Page |
How Voted |
||
Lynn Boylan | (01) 873 6554 | EU Page | No Show | ||
Nessa Childers | (01) 296 2263 | EU Page | Team Freedom | ||
Brian Hayes | (01) 209 6548 | EU Page | Team Censorship | ||
Matt Carthy | (042) 967 4001 | EU Page | Team Censorship | ||
Luke ‘Ming’ Flanagan | (094) 962 2710 | EU Page | Team Freedom | ||
Marian Harkin | (071) 914 5890 | EU Page | Team Censorship | ||
Mairead McGuinness | (041) 685 4633 | EU Page | Team Censorship | ||
Deirdre Clune | 1890 989 533 | EU Page | Team Censorship | ||
Brian Crowley | (021) 489 6433 | EU Page | No Show | ||
Seán Kelly | (052) 617 0437 | EU Page | Team Censorship | ||
Liadh Ni Riada | (021) 451 8986 | EU Page | Team Censorship |
Contact TDs Nationwide
NOTE need to dynaically insert links to email twitter to drive comments
Name | Party | Constituency | Website | Telephone | |||
Sean O Fearghail | CC | Kildare South | Party Site | 059-8634805 | |||
Eamon O Cuiv | FF | Galway West | Party Site | 091-562846 | |||
Bobby Aylward | FF | Carlow-Kilkenny | Party Site | 056 7764726 | |||
John Brassil | FF | Kerry | Party Site | 066-712 9565 | |||
Declan Breathnach | FF | Louth | Party Site | 042 93 52446 | |||
James Browne | FF | Wexford | Party Site | 053 9235046 | |||
Mary Butler | FF | Waterford | Party Site | 087 7425020 | |||
Thomas Byrne | FF | Meath East | Party Site | 01 8357075 | |||
Jackie Cahill | FF | Tipperary | Party Site | 0504 24632 | |||
Dara Calleary | FF | Mayo | Party Site | 962077613 | |||
Pat Casey | FF | Wicklow | Party Site | 086 2649483 | |||
Shane Cassells | FF | Meath West | Party Site | 046 948 7599 | |||
Jack Chambers | FF | Dublin West | Party Site | 086 417 7335 | |||
Lisa Chambers | FF | Mayo | Party Site | 094 92 50577 | |||
Niall Collins | FF | Limerick County | Party Site | 061 300149 | |||
Barry Cowen | FF | Offaly | Party Site | 057 9321976 | |||
John Curran | FF | Dublin Mid West | Party Site | 01 618 3792 | |||
Stephen Donnelly | FF | Wicklow | Party Site | 35315510926 | |||
Timmy Dooley | FF | Clare | Party Site | (065) 6891115 | |||
Sean Fleming | FF | Laois | Party Site | 057 873 2692 | |||
Pat Gallagher | FF | Donegal | Party Site | ||||
Sean Haughey | FF | Dublin Bay North | Party Site | 087 3494888 | |||
Billy Kelleher | FF | Cork North Central | Party Site | 021-4502289 | |||
John Lahart | FF | Dublin South West | Party Site | 01 466 2026 | |||
James Lawless | FF | Kildare North | Party Site | 045 898 476 | |||
Marc MacSharry | FF | Sligo-Leitrim | Party Site | 071 91 43616 | |||
Micheal Martin | FF | Cork South Central | Party Site | 021-432 0088 | |||
Charlie McConalogue | FF | Donegal | Party Site | 749373131 | |||
Michael McGrath | FF | Cork South Central | Party Site | 021-4376699 | |||
John McGuinness | FF | Carlow-Kilkenny | Party Site | 056 7770672 | |||
Aindrias Moynihan | FF | Cork North West | Party Site | 021 482 6644 | |||
Michael Moynihan | FF | Cork North West | Party Site | 029-51299 | |||
Eugene Murphy | FF | Roscommon-Galway | Party Site | 071 9633000 | |||
Margaret Murphy O'Mahony | FF | Cork South West | Party Site | 023-8841179 | |||
Darragh O'Brien | FF | Dublin Fingal | Party Site | 01 6183802 | |||
Jim O'Callaghan | FF | Dublin Bay South | Party Site | 01 475 89 43 | |||
Willie O'Dea | FF | Limerick City | Party Site | 061-454488/454 522 | |||
Kevin O'Keeffe | FF | Cork East | Party Site | 022-25320 | |||
Fiona O'Loughlin | FF | Kildare South | Party Site | ||||
Frank O'Rourke | FF | Kildare North | Party Site | 01 6303736 | |||
Anne Rabbitte | FF | Galway East | Party Site | 087 242 4704 | |||
Eamon Scanlon | FF | Sligo-Leitrim | Party Site | 071-9197903 | |||
Brendan Smith | FF | Cavan-Monaghan | Party Site | 049-4362366 | |||
Niamh Smyth | FF | Cavan-Monaghan | Party Site | 429666666 | |||
Robert Troy | FF | Longford-Westmeath | Party Site | +353 44 933 4857 | |||
Maria Bailey | FG | Dun Laoghaire | Party Site | 01 618 3139 | |||
Sean Barrett | FG | Dun Laoghaire | Party Site | 16183895 | |||
Pat Breen | FG | Clare | Party Site | 16312121 | |||
Colm Brophy | FG | Dublin South West | Party Site | 16183196 | |||
Richard Bruton | FG | Dublin Bay North | Party Site | 6789807 | |||
Peter Burke | FG | Longford-Westmeath | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Catherine Byrne | FG | Dublin South Central | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Joe Carey | FG | Clare | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Marcella Corcoran Kennedy | FG | Offaly | Party Site | ||||
Simon Coveney | FG | Cork South Central | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Michael Creed | FG | Cork North West | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Michael D'Arcy | FG | Wexford | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Jim Daly | FG | Cork South West | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
John Deasy | FG | Waterford | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Pat Deering | FG | Carlow-Kilkenny | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Regina Doherty | FG | Meath East | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Paschal Donohoe | FG | Dublin Central | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Andrew Doyle | FG | Wicklow | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Bernard Durkan | FG | Kildare North | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Damien English | FG | Meath West | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Alan Farrell | FG | Dublin Fingal | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Frances Fitzgerald | FG | Dublin Mid West | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Charles Flanagan | FG | Laois | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Brendan Griffin | FG | Kerry | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Simon Harris | FG | Wicklow | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Martin Heydon | FG | Kildare South | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Heather Humphreys | FG | Cavan-Monaghan | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Paul Kehoe | FG | Wexford | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Enda Kenny | FG | Mayo | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Josepha Madigan | FG | Dublin Rathdown | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Helen McEntee | FG | Meath East | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Joe McHugh | FG | Donegal | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Tony McLoughlin | FG | Sligo-Leitrim | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Mary Mitchell O'Connor | FG | Dun Laoghaire | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Dara Murphy | FG | Cork North Central | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Eoghan Murphy | FG | Dublin Bay South | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Hildegarde Naughton | FG | Galway West | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Tom Neville | FG | Limerick County | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Michael Noonan | FG | Limerick City | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Kate O'Connell | FG | Dublin Bay South | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Patrick O'Donovan | FG | Limerick County | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Fergus O'Dowd | FG | Louth | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
John Paul Phelan | FG | Carlow-Kilkenny | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Michael Ring | FG | Mayo | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Noel Rock | FG | Dublin North West | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
David Stanton | FG | Cork East | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
Leo Varadkar | FG | Dublin West | Party Site | 01-6198444 | |||
David Stanton | FG | Cork East | Party Site | ||||
Leo Varadkar | FG | Dublin West | Party Site | ||||
Catherine Martin | GRN | Dublin Rathdown | Party Site | +353(0)16790012 | |||
Eamon Ryan | GRN | Dublin Bay South | Party Site | +353(0)16790012 | |||
Tommy Broughan | IND | Dublin Bay North | Party Site | 01-6183798 | |||
Sean Canney | IND | Galway East | Party Site | +093 26476 | |||
Joan Collins | IND | Dublin South Central | Party Site | ||||
Michael Collins | IND | Cork South West | |||||
Catherine Connolly | IND | Galway West | Party Site | 091 567870 | |||
Clare Daly | IND | Dublin Fingal | Party Site | 01 618 3390 | |||
Michael Fitzmaurice | IND | Roscommon-Galway | Party Site | (086) 191 4565 | |||
Peter Fitzpatrick | IND | Louth | Party Site | ||||
Noel Grealish | IND | Galway West | Party Site | 872238925 | |||
John Halligan | IND | Waterford | Party Site | ||||
Michael Harty | IND | Clare | |||||
Danny Healy-Rae | IND | Kerry | |||||
Michael Healy-Rae | IND | Kerry | |||||
Michael Lowry | IND | Tipperary | Party Site | 0504 22022 | |||
Finian McGrath | IND | Dublin Bay North | Party Site | (01) 851 1530 | |||
Mattie McGrath | IND | Tipperary | Party Site | 052-6129155 | |||
Kevin Moran | IND | Longford-Westmeath | Party Site | 090 64 93604 | |||
Denis Naughten | IND | Roscommon-Galway | Party Site | 090 6627557 | |||
Carol Nolan | IND | Offaly | Party Site | ||||
Maureen O'Sullivan | IND | Dublin Central | Party Site | 01 6183488 | |||
Thomas Pringle | IND | Donegal | Party Site | 074-97-41880 | |||
Shane Ross | IND | Dublin Rathdown | Party Site | +353 1 604 1040 | |||
Mick Wallace | IND | Wexford | Party Site | 01 6183287 | |||
Katherine Zappone | IND | Dublin South West | Party Site | ||||
Joan Burton | LAB | Dublin West | Party Site | 01 6184006 | |||
Brendan Howlin | LAB | Wexford | Party Site | (053) 912 4036 | |||
Alan Kelly | LAB | Tipperary | Party Site | 067 34190 | |||
Jan O'Sullivan | LAB | Limerick City | Party Site | 061 312316 | |||
Willie Penrose | LAB | Longford-Westmeath | Party Site | ||||
Brendan Ryan | LAB | Dublin Fingal | Party Site | +353 1 6183421 | |||
Sean Sherlock | LAB | Cork East | Party Site | 022 53523 | |||
Richard Boyd Barrett | PBP | Dun Laoghaire | Party Site | 35316183449 | |||
Gino Kenny | PBP | Dublin Mid West | Party Site | 01-4030007 | |||
Brid Smith | PBP | Dublin South Central | Party Site | (01) 6161003 | |||
Catherine Murphy | SD | Kildare North | Party Site | 35315510926 | |||
Roisin Shortall | SD | Dublin North West | Party Site | 35315510926 | |||
Eoin O Broin | SF | Dublin Mid West | Party Site | ||||
Caoimhghin O Caolain | SF | Cavan-Monaghan | Party Site | (01) 6183005 | |||
Donnchadh O Laoghaire | SF | Cork South Central | Party Site | ||||
Aengus O Snodaigh | SF | Dublin South Central | Party Site | (01) 6184084 | |||
Gerry Adams | SF | Louth | Party Site | 041 987 3823 | |||
John Brady | SF | Wicklow | Party Site | 01-276 2623 | |||
Pat Buckley | SF | Cork East | Party Site | ||||
Sean Crowe | SF | Dublin South West | Party Site | 01-6183941 | |||
David Cullinane | SF | Waterford | Party Site | 051 856066 | |||
Pearse Doherty | SF | Donegal | Party Site | 074-9532832 | |||
Dessie Ellis | SF | Dublin North West | Party Site | (01) 6183006 | |||
Martin Ferris | SF | Kerry | Party Site | (01) 6184248 | |||
Kathleen Funchion | SF | Carlow-Kilkenny | Party Site | 567764730 | |||
Martin Kenny | SF | Sligo-Leitrim | Party Site | 087 6528318 | |||
Mary Lou McDonald | SF | Dublin Central | Party Site | (01) 727 7102 | |||
Denise Mitchell | SF | Dublin Bay North | Party Site | 01-847 2902 | |||
Imelda Munster | SF | Louth | Party Site | ||||
Jonathan O'Brien | SF | Cork North Central | Party Site | 021-4212233 | |||
Louise O'Reilly | SF | Dublin Fingal | Party Site | 01 840 5081 | |||
Maurice Quinlivan | SF | Limerick City | Party Site | 061 319 681 | |||
Brian Stanley | SF | Laois | Party Site | 05786 62851 | |||
Peadar Toibin | SF | Meath West | Party Site | ||||
Mick Barry | SOL | Cork North Central | |||||
Ruth Coppinger | SOL | Dublin West | Party Site | (01)8227174 | |||
Paul Murphy | SOL | Dublin South West | |||||
Seamus Healy | WUA | Tipperary | Party Site |
Senators
IND | Nominated by the Taoiseach | |
Brian Ó Domhnaill | FF | Agricultural Panel |
Niall Ó Donnghaile | SF | Administrative Panel |
Aodhán Ó Ríordáin | LAB | Industrial and Commercial Panel |
Catherine Ardagh | FF | Industrial and Commercial Panel |
Ivana Bacik | IND | University of Dublin |
Frances Black | IND | Industrial and Commercial Panel |
Victor Boyhan | IND | Agricultural Panel |
Colm Burke | FG | Industrial and Commercial Panel |
Paddy Burke | FG | Agricultural Panel |
Ray Butler | FG | Nominated by the Taoiseach |
Jerry Buttimer | FG | Labour Panel |
Maria Byrne | FG | Agricultural Panel |
Lorraine Clifford Lee | FF | Cultural and Educational Panel |
Paudie Coffey | FG | Nominated by the Taoiseach |
Paul Coghlan | FG | Industrial and Commercial Panel |
Martin Conway | FG | Administrative Panel |
Rose Conway Walsh | SF | Agricultural Panel |
Gerard Craughwell | IND | Labour Panel |
Mark Daly | FF | Administrative Panel |
Paul Daly | FF | Agricultural Panel |
Aidan Davitt | FF | Industrial and Commercial Panel |
Maire Devine | SF | Labour Panel |
John Dolan | IND | Administrative Panel |
Frank Feighan | FG | Nominated by the Taoiseach |
Joan Freeman | IND | Nominated by the Taoiseach |
Robbie Gallagher | FF | Labour Panel |
Paul Gavan | SF | Labour Panel |
Alice Mary Higgins | IND | National University of Ireland |
Maura Hopkins | FG | Administrative Panel |
Gerry Horkan | FF | Industrial and Commercial Panel |
Kevin Humphreys | LAB | Administrative Panel |
Colette Kelleher | IND | Nominated by the Taoiseach |
Billy Lawless | IND | Nominated by the Taoiseach |
Anthony Lawlor | FG | Agricultural Panel |
Terry Leyden | FF | Labour Panel |
Tim Lombard | FG | Agricultural Panel |
Pádraig MacLochlainn | SF | Industrial and Commercial Panel |
Ian Marshall | IND | Agricultural Panel |
Michael McDowell | IND | National University of Ireland |
Gabrielle McFadden | FG | Cultural and Educational Panel |
Michelle Mulherin | FG | Nominated by the Taoiseach |
Rónán Mullen | IND | National University of Ireland |
Jennifer Murnane O’Connor | FF | Labour Panel |
Gerald Nash | LAB | Labour Panel |
Catherine Noone | FG | Industrial and Commercial Panel |
David Norris | IND | University of Dublin |
Kieran O’Donnell | FG | Cultural and Educational Panel |
Marie Louise O’Donnell | IND | Nominated by the Taoiseach |
Denis O’Donovan | FF | Agricultural Panel |
John O’Mahony | FG | Nominated by the Taoiseach |
Joe O’Reilly | FG | Labour Panel |
Grace O’Sullivan | GRN | Agricultural Panel |
Ned O’Sullivan | FF | Labour Panel |
James Reilly | FG | Nominated by the Taoiseach |
Neale Richmond | FG | Labour Panel |
Lynn Ruane | IND | University of Dublin |
Keith Swanick | FF | Cultural and Educational Panel |
Fintan Warfield | SF | Cultural and Educational Panel |
Diarmuid Wilson | FF | Administrative Panel |